China's Soaring Youth Unemployment Stokes Fears of Civic Unrest and Diminished Returns on Education

China's youth unemployment rate has more than doubled since 2018 to 21.3%, but age-specific data is no longer being reported. This high rate threatens economic and geopolitical stability.

The "Ant Tribe" phenomenon describes highly educated yet underemployed youth stuck in low-paying jobs, leading to diminished returns on education. This causes psychological distress.

Education system weaknesses, such as a disconnect between curricula and job skills, are partly to blame. Overqualified graduates flood the market.

Youth dissatisfaction can breed civic unrest and anti-government sentiment. This threatens China's social stability and international relations.

Solutions include vocational training, mental health support, urban-rural incentives, gig economy protections, and global cooperation on employment initiatives.