EU risks deep dependence on China for key green tech by 2030, echoing past reliance on Russian energy
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The EU risks becoming highly dependent on China for lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells by 2030, similar to its past dependency on Russian energy.
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Batteries and fuel cells are critical for renewable energy storage and electric vehicles, for which demand will surge 10-30 times.
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While the EU leads in electrolysis, it relies heavily on China for batteries and fuel cells.
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This dependency could hamper EU industrial productivity and agriculture modernization needed to address climate change.
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Similar risks exist regarding EU's future dependency on China for digital tech like sensors, data servers and networks.