Billions Held in Over 50 'Zombie' Cryptos With Minimal Usage

There are over 50 "zombie" blockchains worth over $1 billion despite having little usage or utility beyond speculative trading of their tokens

Prominent examples include Ripple's XRP, Bitcoin Cash, Litecoin, Ethereum Classic, and Cardano - they have huge market caps but minimal fees or activity

Most are either Bitcoin/Ethereum spinoffs from disagreements among developers or direct competitors that have failed to gain traction

Flush with billions in capital from early speculative manias, zombies can operate for years even without purpose thanks to continued liquidity from crypto exchanges

Shorting them is risky and reclaiming their unused treasuries is unlikely, so they continue to exist and even spend money on far-fetched projects