Pakistan Mired in Political Turmoil Amid Clashes Between Leaders and Establishment
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Political engineering over the past decade has caused extensive damage to Pakistan's economy, institutions, and stability.
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The establishment orchestrated the ouster of Nawaz Sharif and rigged the 2018 elections to bring Imran Khan to power.
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When Imran Khan asserted himself, the establishment turned on him as well, exposing the flaws in the hybrid system.
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The establishment's brutal attempts to crush dissent have faced pushback from PTI supporters and unease within state institutions.
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While the establishment is primarily responsible for the current quagmire, the willingness of political leaders to subordinate themselves for narrow gains also bears blame.