Main Topic: President Joe Biden's summit with South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol and Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida at Camp David and the agreements made to strengthen their cooperation.
Key Points:
1. Trilateral meetings between leaders, foreign ministers, defense ministers, and national security advisers will be held at least annually.
2. The countries will hold military exercises together each year and share missile warning data on North Korea.
3. The summit aims to deepen cooperation across various issues and strengthen the alliance network led by the United States in the face of rising tensions with China.
### Summary
Under the rivalry between the US and China, many middle and small powers are making their own mark on the international order by reshaping the world economy, affecting the global balance of power, and increasing their economic weight, military potential, and diplomatic stature. These changes have been caused by unhappiness with globalization, the risks of overreliance on rivals for vital supplies, and the rise of China.
### Facts
- The unhappiness with globalization in the West, especially in America, has caused economic anxiety, social discontent, and political backlash.
- Covid-19 exposed the risks of overreliance on another country, especially a rival, for vital supplies.
- Russia's invasion of Ukraine revealed the EU's dependence on Moscow for energy.
- The rise of China has rattled the US and other countries, leading to the search for a new geo-economics.
- US allies in the Indo-Pacific are strengthening their defenses through military and technological cooperation with Washington.
- Geo-economics and geopolitics have merged, with the US leading in redefining globalization that does not harm national security, technological supremacy, and economic leadership.
- India is at the crossroads of new geo-economics and geopolitics, being America's natural geopolitical partner and an attractive partner in geo-economics.
- Middle powers like India are benefiting by aligning themselves with the US and forming independent groupings at the global or regional levels.
- Many players are multi-aligning and multi-networking through mini forums, ad hoc groupings, and shifting coalitions, making the international order very fluid.
The BRICS alliance could gain control of the majority of the world's oil and gas trade by including Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, which could lead to a shift away from the USD and the de-dollarization of the oil economy.
BRICS, the bloc of emerging market nations, is expanding its membership to include Saudi Arabia, Iran, Egypt, Argentina, Ethiopia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in an effort to bolster geopolitical power and counter the West on economic and political issues; however, experts question whether BRICS can truly rival the G7 or offer a viable alternative to the US dollar.
Chinese President Xi Jinping announced at the BRICS leaders' summit in South Africa that the group is inviting six countries to join and also launching a $10 billion special fund to bolster global development, emphasizing the expansion's vitality for cooperation and the common interests of emerging markets and developing countries.
The BRICS 2023 Summit saw the expansion of the alliance with the addition of six countries, potentially leading to a shift in the global economic order and significant de-dollarization efforts, while notable absences by Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping raised concerns, and China and India made progress in their border talks.
US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen will attend the G20 leaders summit in New Delhi to focus on strengthening the global economy, supporting low- and middle-income countries, and building momentum for financing developing countries' clean energy transitions. She will also rally G20 allies to maintain economic support for Ukraine and deepen bilateral ties with India.
China is working to establish a new global oil market order by building alternatives to the West's world order, including the invitation of Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the UAE to join the BRICS political and economic grouping, which would control around 41 percent of all global oil production.
US President Joe Biden will travel to India to attend the Group of 20 summit and emphasize the importance of diplomacy and multilateralism in addressing global challenges.
President Biden aims to offer alternative funding options to fast-growing economies in Africa, Latin America, and Asia at the G20 meeting in India, in an attempt to counter China's Belt and Road project, which has left many countries in debt.
The US, Saudi Arabia, India, and other nations are discussing a potential infrastructure deal to enhance trade between the Gulf and South Asia through railways and ports, in an effort to counter China's Belt and Road initiative.
President Biden aims to use the G20 summit as an opportunity to strengthen the U.S.'s position as the leader of the global system, boost funding for the World Bank, and counterbalance China's Belt and Road Initiative; meanwhile, a potential strike looms for General Motors and Ford, and the Federal Reserve plans to maintain interest rates while addressing inflation concerns.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi and US President Joe Biden discussed ways to deepen and diversify their partnership, including defense, nuclear energy, and emerging technologies, during a private dinner at the G20 Summit, expressing confidence in advancing shared goals of sustainable development and multilateral cooperation.
UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak praises India's role as host for the G20 Summit, emphasizes the need for a comprehensive trade deal with India, condemns pro-Khalistan extremism, and affirms cooperation with India to counter such extremism.
President Biden aims to rally support for Ukraine and promote American investment in the developing world at the G20 summit in India, presenting new plans for a transit corridor connecting partner nations and unveiling World Bank reforms, challenging China's global trade expansion and providing a better option for emerging economies.
President Joe Biden warmly greeted Saudi Arabia's de facto leader, Mohammed bin Salman, at the Group of 20 summit, signaling a shift in their relationship despite previous tensions over human rights violations.
Global leaders have announced a multinational rail and ports deal at the G20 summit in New Delhi, aiming to connect the Middle East and South Asia and provide an alternative to China's Belt and Road initiative.
US President Joe Biden described India's plan to build a rail and shipping corridor linking India with the Middle East and Europe as a "game-changing investment" during the G20 Summit, aiming to boost trade, transport energy resources, and improve digital connectivity.
Saudi Arabia's membership in the G20 is a reflection of its growing importance in global energy exports, international trade, and financial resources, as well as its impact on the global economy and its commitment to stability and development.
President Biden exchanged a warm handshake with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman at the G20 summit in India, despite previously criticizing him for human rights abuses and the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.
US President Joe Biden stated that the G20 Summit demonstrated the ability to address urgent global issues, including the climate crisis and economic stability, through collaborative solutions.
The 2023 New Delhi Summit of the G20 has been a success, with India demonstrating its ability to organize a global event; however, the summit's ability to produce substantial solutions to world problems, particularly the geopolitical crisis, is questionable. The summit managed to come up with a joint leaders' declaration, including language on Ukraine that accommodates all shades of opinion. The summit also focused on issues such as debt restructuring, climate change, renewable energy, artificial intelligence, and terrorism financing. However, the effectiveness of these actions will depend on whether countries actually implement them.
U.S. President Joe Biden held high-level talks with Chinese Premier Li Qiang at the G20 summit in India, discussing stability and downplaying the possibility of China invading Taiwan, while also addressing China's economic challenges and their impact on the global economy.
India, along with the US and Europe, effectively countered China on the world stage during the G-20 summit by reaching agreement on a joint communique and bolstering India's status as a rising power capable of blunting China's global influence.
The G20 Summit hosted by India was regarded as a success for the Modi government, and US President Joe Biden emphasized the importance of human rights and the role of civil society and a free press in his discussions with Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Biden also expressed the desire for a stable relationship with China and praised Modi's leadership and hospitality.
A new multibillion-dollar rail and shipping corridor called the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor was announced at the G20 summit, which aims to enhance connectivity and integration between participating countries and boost economic growth in the Middle East.
The Indian G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant achieved a historic moment at the G20 Summit by securing 100% consensus on all issues, demonstrating India's ability to bridge between emerging markets and developed countries and bringing multilateralism back to center stage.
The G20 summit in New Delhi saw the admission of the African Union, the launch of the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor, and an absence of Xi Jinping and Vladimir Putin, signaling shifts in the international order and a move towards more inclusive organizations; however, Pakistan must address its internal issues to participate in these global trade networks and have its voice heard on issues like Kashmir.
Leaders from Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa recently announced that Saudi Arabia, along with five other nations, would be invited to join the BRICS organization, potentially causing fears of economic catastrophe in the U.S., although experts argue that this scenario is highly unlikely.
The plan by the U.S. and India to build an alternative to China's Belt and Road Initiative could lead to better deals for countries along the route and is seen as healthy competition by participants at a conference in Hong Kong.
The Biden administration is pursuing a "grand bargain" in the Middle East, aiming to normalize relations between Israel and Saudi Arabia in order to achieve various benefits, including countering Iran and China, strengthening regional stability, and scoring a foreign policy win for Biden's re-election campaign in 2024.
The United States needs to cultivate strategic relationships with Vietnam, India, the Philippines, and Saudi Arabia, known as the VIPS, in order to counterbalance the growing influence of the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) and navigate the challenges of a changing global landscape.
Saudi Arabia and India have significantly increased their level of engagement and cooperation, with numerous agreements signed during the recent visit of the Saudi crown prince to India, indicating potential for India to contribute to the Kingdom's Vision 2030 transformation plan and ongoing megaprojects such as NEOM.
India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor, proposed by India, the US, United Arab Emirates, and Saudi Arabia, aims to create shipping and railway links that will connect Europe and the Middle East to India and counter China's 'Belt and Road' initiative.
The BRICS alliance is challenging the global dominance of the U.S. dollar by using local currencies, and the U.S. needs to implement new policies and engage in constructive diplomacy with each member to counter their aspirations of world dominance.
The BRICS alliance has welcomed six new countries, including Saudi Arabia and Iran, leading to concerns from Western powers about the expansion's potential impact on the traditional financial order; however, the US and Germany have stated that countries have the right to choose their trade partners and forge deals according to their national interests.
