### Summary
Under the rivalry between the US and China, many middle and small powers are making their own mark on the international order by reshaping the world economy, affecting the global balance of power, and increasing their economic weight, military potential, and diplomatic stature. These changes have been caused by unhappiness with globalization, the risks of overreliance on rivals for vital supplies, and the rise of China.
### Facts
- The unhappiness with globalization in the West, especially in America, has caused economic anxiety, social discontent, and political backlash.
- Covid-19 exposed the risks of overreliance on another country, especially a rival, for vital supplies.
- Russia's invasion of Ukraine revealed the EU's dependence on Moscow for energy.
- The rise of China has rattled the US and other countries, leading to the search for a new geo-economics.
- US allies in the Indo-Pacific are strengthening their defenses through military and technological cooperation with Washington.
- Geo-economics and geopolitics have merged, with the US leading in redefining globalization that does not harm national security, technological supremacy, and economic leadership.
- India is at the crossroads of new geo-economics and geopolitics, being America's natural geopolitical partner and an attractive partner in geo-economics.
- Middle powers like India are benefiting by aligning themselves with the US and forming independent groupings at the global or regional levels.
- Many players are multi-aligning and multi-networking through mini forums, ad hoc groupings, and shifting coalitions, making the international order very fluid.
India's G20 presidency has shaped its global future and brought the country to the forefront of the international stage, with discussions at the NDTV G20 Conclave focusing on energy transition, clean growth, digital economy, and India's rising global influence.
India's External Affairs Minister, S Jaishankar, highlighted the importance of addressing the concerns of the global south in promoting economic growth and development during the B20 Summit, stating that India recognized the absence of the global south's voice in the G20 and took steps to rectify this by convening the Global South Summit.
India's adversarial relationship with China and its moves to block imports and investment from China could complicate its involvement in BRICS, as China seeks to expand the group and use it as a platform to challenge Western dominance.
Chinese President Xi Jinping's decision to skip the G20 summit in India may be linked to internal politics and a recent dressing down from retired party elders, as China grapples with economic and social turmoil.
India's G20 presidency may be seen as a failure in terms of achieving global consensus, but it has been successful in boosting India's image, promoting its leadership in the "global south," and enhancing the personality cult of Prime Minister Narendra Modi domestically.
President Joe Biden will attend the Group of 20 (G20) summit in India as a supporter, even as the US acknowledges that India's interests may diverge from Washington's, with India seeking to emphasize development issues and bridge the concerns of the world's largest economies with those of the Global South.
UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak praises India's role as host for the G20 Summit, emphasizes the need for a comprehensive trade deal with India, condemns pro-Khalistan extremism, and affirms cooperation with India to counter such extremism.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that the G20 nations have reached a consensus on a joint declaration, despite disagreements over the war in Ukraine.
The G20 reached a consensus and adopted the New Delhi Leaders Summit Declaration, which called for upholding international law, peaceful conflict resolution, and diplomacy.
A Chinese think tank affiliated with the country's top spy agency accused India of using its role as host of the G20 Summit to promote its own agenda and harm China's interests, criticizing India's actions in hosting meetings in disputed territories and accusing it of trying to attack China through the issue of debt restructuring.
China has raised objections to various proposals at G20 meetings, including refusing to endorse green hydrogen, neglecting the need for critical mineral security, and not participating in the Global Biofuel Alliance led by India, according to anonymous sources. This opposition occurred despite India's efforts to pass a declaration on energy and supply chain security.
The G20 summit in New Delhi concludes with Russia and the US praising a consensus declaration that avoids directly criticizing Russia for the war in Ukraine, but highlights the human suffering caused by the conflict and calls on all states not to use force to grab territory.
India is considered a superpower in terms of population and is now ahead of China, according to Azali Assoumani, the chairperson of the African Union.
The G20 summit in New Delhi showcased India's growing economic and geopolitical influence, but also highlighted concerns about the country's Hindu nationalist government and its approach to press freedom as journalists were largely restricted from covering the event.
The Delhi Declaration is hailed as a diplomatic triumph for India, bridging the gap between differing views at the G-20 summit and achieving a joint communique.
China miscalculated India's emergence at the world stage, leading to a not-so-happy situation for China at the G20 summit, according to economist Arvind Panagariya.
Leaders at the Group of 20 summit in India reached a consensus on a joint declaration, despite disagreements over the Ukraine conflict and climate change, with the Global South's involvement preventing the agenda from being overshadowed by Ukraine.
The Indian G20 Sherpa Amitabh Kant achieved a historic moment at the G20 Summit by securing 100% consensus on all issues, demonstrating India's ability to bridge between emerging markets and developed countries and bringing multilateralism back to center stage.
Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's attendance at the recent G20 summit in India, along with its inclusion in the China-dominated BRICS coalition and signing of the ship-to-rail economic corridor supported by President Joe Biden, highlights the complex web of alliances and economic opportunities arising from the rivalry between the US and China. These developments show the various economies caught between the two powers seeking to build their own strategic alliances and spheres of influence.
China is willing to strengthen bilateral relations with India and implement the consensus reached by Narendra Modi and Xi Jinping, according to the Consul General of China in Kolkata, Zha Liyou, amid controversy over China's refusal to grant visas to three players from Arunachal Pradesh for the Asian Games.
