China Needs a Major Confidence Boost. There’s No Easy Fix.
China is making efforts to restore confidence among businesses and consumers after crackdowns on the private sector and harsh Covid restrictions have negatively impacted its economy.
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Posted 8/22/2023, 5:00:00 AM
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China's economy is facing a downward spiral due to a crisis in the debt-laden property sector, prompting seven city banks to reduce their growth forecasts for the country; concerns include falling into deflation, high unemployment rates, and the need for more proactive government support.
Chinese authorities have introduced new measures to boost investor confidence in the stock market by reducing trading costs, relaxing rules on share buybacks, and considering extended trading hours and a cut in stamp duty, following recent declines in both the stock and bond markets. These declines have been influenced by China's deteriorating economic outlook, including deflation, weak consumer spending on manufactured goods, rising youth unemployment, and concerns over the property market.
Beijing needs to provide clarity on its economic plans and the national security crackdown in order to rebuild confidence in the future trajectory of China and address uncertainties, according to the head of a European business lobby in China.
China's weak economy, including an unstable property market and weak consumer demand, is posing risks to global markets and economies like the US, according to experts.
China's economy is facing challenges with slowing growth, rising debt, tumbling stock markets, and a property sector crisis, and some analysts believe that heavy-handed government intervention and a lack of confidence are underlying causes that cannot be easily fixed. However, others argue that China's problems are solvable and that it remains a superpower despite its considerable problems.
Despite Chinese companies committing over a billion dollars to share buybacks, these efforts have failed to restore confidence in the struggling market, as foreign investors continue to sell off Chinese stocks due to concerns over the property market and other factors.
China's economic model, driven by industrialization and exports, is showing weaknesses with an imbalanced economy, low demand, slumping trade, and a struggling property sector, highlighting the need for structural reforms to boost domestic consumption and confidence.
Chinese consumers are saving rather than spending, even with the burden of debt, indicating a lack of confidence in the country's economy.
Investors are becoming increasingly concerned about the state of China's economy as informal gauges, such as PMI surveys and soft surveys, indicate a deep-seated confidence problem and a potential miss of the country's 5% growth target this year, leading to a retreat from global assets exposed to the slowdown.
China's stamp duty and margin cuts revive confidence in the Hong Kong stock market, leading to a rally in stocks such as HKEX, Alibaba, and BYD, while China Evergrande continues to struggle.
China's rebound from zero-covid restrictions has resulted in weak growth and deflation, with the lack of consumer spending becoming a major concern for policymakers.
China's failure to restructure its economy according to President Xi Jinping's bold reform plans has raised concerns about the country's future, with the possibility of a financial or economic crisis looming and a slow drift towards stagnation being the most likely outcome. The three potential paths for China include a swift, painful crisis; a gradual winding down of excesses at the expense of growth; or a switch to a consumer-led model with structural reforms that bring short-term pain but lead to a faster and stronger emergence.
China's economic slowdown is posing a significant challenge to President Xi Jinping's agenda, forcing him to make difficult choices and potentially relinquish some control over the economy. The slump in housing sales and the crackdown on private capital are among the factors contributing to the economic setbacks, prompting calls for change and a reevaluation of economic policies under Xi's highly centralized leadership. However, Xi seems reluctant to make major changes to his strategy, opting for a hands-off approach and avoiding a big rescue plan for distressed developers and local governments. The central government's control over taxes and the need to revamp the fiscal system further complicate the situation. Restoring government finances while reassuring private investors is a daunting task that requires strong leadership and potentially contentious policy changes. The upcoming Communist Party meetings will shed light on how Xi plans to restore confidence in his economic agenda, but some economists and former officials warn that time may be running out for China to embrace necessary reforms.
China's shadow banking industry, which includes lightly regulated trust firms, is facing financial distress due to the country's economic woes, raising concerns of a potential larger financial crisis that could spread globally. The fall of these trusts could have a domino effect and impact Western organizations that have loaned to shadow banks, affecting the broader economy and stock market. There may be a call for regulatory measures to rein in the unruly shadow banking sector.
China's economic challenges and failed rebound post-Covid are causing U.S. investors and businesses to view Chinese exposure as a liability, leading to underperformance in companies with high China exposure and potential bans on foreign devices, signaling a potential decline in China's economic growth.
Despite the risks and challenges of doing business in China, many Western companies still see it as a long-term bet due to its economic potential, but they are increasingly cautious and aware of the hazards they face.
China's foreign ministry rejects claims from the West that its economy is faltering, stating that the country's economy is resilient and has not collapsed.
Big Japanese manufacturers and the services sector in Japan are experiencing a decline in confidence, with concerns of a slowdown in China's economy affecting global and domestic growth, according to a Reuters poll. The weak sentiment in the business sector raises doubts about the ability of exports to drive economic recovery amid weak domestic demand. Many companies cited high input costs and weak demand as contributing factors, along with geopolitical risks and tensions between the US and China.
Signs of improvement in China's economy, such as improving credit demand and easing deflationary pressures, may not be enough to stabilize the economy due to bigger concerns of decreasing affordability, tight wages, and rising costs that have not been addressed. A comprehensive policy revamp may be necessary for China's economy to recover.
The disappearance of China's defense minister and a series of recent upheavals in the country's top ranks are creating uncertainty about President Xi Jinping's leadership, which could impact other countries' confidence in China's economy and political stability.