Main Topic: U.S. inflation and the Federal Reserve's efforts to control it.
Key Points:
1. U.S. inflation has declined for 12 straight months, but consumer prices increased 3% year-on-year in June.
2. The Federal Reserve aims to reduce inflation to about 2% and plans to raise its key federal funds rate to over 5%.
3. The Fed is concerned about high inflation due to a strong labor market, rising wages, and increased consumer spending, and aims to slow the job market to control inflation.
Inflation is causing a decline in affordability for average working individuals, with prices on everyday necessities such as groceries, gasoline, and housing rising significantly in the past two years due to government spending and the Fed's money-printing.
Cleveland Federal Reserve Bank President Loretta Mester believes that beating inflation will likely require one more interest-rate hike in the U.S. and then pausing for a while, although she may reassess her previous view of rate cuts starting in late 2024, and she aims to set policy so that inflation reaches the Fed's 2% goal by the end of 2025 to prevent further economic harm.
US inflation remains above 3% as the cost of goods and services rose by 0.2% in July, prompting speculation that the Federal Reserve may freeze interest rates to manage inflation without causing a recession.
The global economy is expected to slow down due to persistently high inflation, higher interest rates, China's slowing growth, and financial system stresses, according to Moody's Investors Service, although there may be pockets of resilience in markets like India and Indonesia.
The US job market shows signs of slowing but remains resilient, with 187,000 jobs added in August and a rise in the unemployment rate to 3.8%, as more people actively look for work. Wage gains are easing, signaling a potential slowdown in inflation, and the Federal Reserve may decide against further interest rate hikes.
The Federal Reserve's attempt to combat inflation is not making any progress, as shown by the latest jobs report and inflation data, indicating that inflation is likely to worsen.
US inflation remains too high despite recent improvements, according to Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland President Loretta Mester, who also states that the labor market is still strong.
The US job market is cooling down, with signs of weakening and a slowdown in momentum, which may allow the Federal Reserve to ease inflation pressure through weaker job creation and reduced demand.
UK inflation has slowed to a 17-month low of 6.8%, prompting expectations of potential interest rate cuts and concerns about the impact on house prices and mortgage rates.
Inflation has decreased significantly in recent months, but the role of the Federal Reserve in this decline is questionable as there is little evidence to suggest that higher interest rates led to lower prices and curtailed demand or employment. Other factors such as falling energy prices and the healing of disrupted supply chains appear to have had a larger impact on slowing inflation.
US inflation has slowed over the past year and wages are not a reliable indicator of future price increases, according to Federal Reserve officials.
Americans are expecting high inflation to persist over the next few years, with a median expectation of 3.6% one year from now and estimates of around 3% three years from now, according to a survey by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. This suggests that sticky inflation may continue to be a concern, as it surpasses the Fed's 2% target. Consumers also anticipate price increases in necessities such as rent, gasoline, medical costs, and food, as well as college tuition and home prices.
Investors and the Federal Reserve will have to wait for inflation to return to acceptable levels, as the Consumer Price Index report for August 2023 shows consumer prices rising at half the pace compared to a year ago, despite a jump in gas prices.
The latest inflation report is expected to show a steady increase in consumer prices, with economists predicting a 3.6% overall inflation compared to last year, indicating that inflation is gradually coming down but still remains above the Federal Reserve's target.
Inflation in the US is expected to accelerate again, with economists predicting a monthly rise of 3.6%, suggesting that price pressures within the economy remain a challenge in taming high inflation.
Despite a spike in gas prices, the rise in inflation appears to be easing gradually, with core prices exhibiting a slower increase in August compared to July, suggesting that price pressures are being brought under control.
Inflation in the US accelerated for the second consecutive month in August due to rising costs of rent and gasoline, with the consumer price index rising 0.6% from the previous month and 3.7% from the same time last year.
US wholesale prices increased at a faster pace in August, indicating that inflation remains persistent despite interest rate hikes by the Federal Reserve.
Despite rising gas prices, Americans remain optimistic about inflation easing, as expectations for inflation rates in the year ahead have fallen to the lowest level since March 2021, according to a consumer sentiment survey from the University of Michigan. However, concerns are surfacing about a potential government shutdown, which could dampen consumer views on the economy.
Despite assurances from policymakers and economists, inflation in the US continues to rise, posing significant challenges to the economy and financial stability.
"Inflation expectations can influence actual inflation, as people's behavior and attitudes towards the economy play a role in price changes," according to Joanne Hsu, director of the Surveys of Consumers at the University of Michigan.
Inflation in Britain slowed for a third consecutive month in August, defying expectations of a rise due to higher fuel prices, with consumer prices rising 6.7 percent compared to the previous year, driven by slower increases in food prices and a decline in hotel room costs. Core inflation also fell more than anticipated, indicating a potential easing of inflationary pressures, though price growth remains uncomfortably high. The Bank of England is set to announce its decision on interest rates, with growing speculation that rates may be held steady due to signs of slowing inflation and a weak economy.
Fed officials expect faster economic growth and lower inflation as they project an increase in gross domestic product and a decrease in the unemployment rate while forecasting a decline in core inflation for the remainder of the year.
Policymakers in the US and Europe may find comfort in the slowdown of underlying measures of consumer-price growth, but rising crude oil prices could still fuel further inflation.
Despite predictions of higher unemployment and dire consequences, the Federal Reserve's rate hikes have succeeded in substantially slowing inflation without causing significant harm to the job market and economy.
Inflation is expected to rebound in 2024 due to a mismatch between supply and demand created by the shift from services to goods during the pandemic, as well as a chronic shortage of workers, according to BlackRock strategists. This could lead to higher interest rates and a higher risk of recession.
The Federal Reserve's preferred measure of inflation decreased in August, indicating that efforts to combat inflation are progressing, although there are still price growth pressures that could lead to further interest rate hikes by the central bank.
Inflation is impacting Americans across the country, with the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach metro area experiencing the highest increase in consumer prices at 7.8%, followed by Denver, Atlanta, Seattle, and Detroit, according to WalletHub. Housing prices are a major driver of high inflation in cities like Miami, and while experts anticipate a gradual cool-down of prices, patience is needed.
Federal Reserve officials are not concerned about the recent rise in U.S. Treasury yields and believe it could actually be beneficial in combating inflation. They also stated that if the labor market cools and inflation returns to the desired target, interest rates can remain steady. Higher long-term borrowing costs can slow the economy and ease inflation pressures. However, if the rise in yields leads to a sharp economic slowdown or unemployment surge, the Fed will react accordingly.
Underlying US inflation is expected to rise, supporting the idea that interest rates will need to remain higher for a longer period of time, as indicated by central bankers.
Americans expect high inflation to persist over the next few years, with a median estimate of a 3.7% inflation rate one year from now, indicating that sticky inflation may continue, according to a survey by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
The rapid decline of US inflation may not last due to potential upside risks in categories like used cars and airfares, raising concerns about whether price pressures in services components such as housing can slow down enough to sustain the downward trend.
The U.S. government's upcoming inflation report is expected to show a cooling off of inflation, with overall prices for consumers rising by 0.2% compared to August and 3.6% compared to a year ago, and core inflation expected to be up 4.1% from September last year, indicating slower price increases in September than in August.
The upcoming monthly inflation report is expected to show that inflation in the US is cooling off, with overall prices for consumers rising by 0.2% compared to August and 3.6% compared to a year ago, indicating slower price increases in September than in August. However, if the report reveals that inflation remained higher than expected, especially in core areas, it may prompt the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates again, further slowing the economy.
Inflation is slowing nationwide, and the Minneapolis-St. Paul region is experiencing lower price increases than the rest of the country, though it may take some time for consumers to feel the benefits.
Consumer prices in the US grew at the same pace in September as in August, indicating that progress in controlling inflation may be stalling, prompting Federal Reserve officials to remain cautious with interest rate decisions.
The U.S. inflation rate continues to exceed expectations, raising concerns among investors about the Federal Reserve's rate-hiking cycle and the possibility of maintaining current interest rates in November.
The September CPI report showed slow and lumpy progress in inflation, with headline CPI growing at 3.7% year-over-year and core inflation decelerating to 4.1% growth, while the US Treasury Department's auction of Thirty Year Bonds resulted in disappointing results due to an imbalance in the equilibrium between demand and supply for US paper, causing disruptions in financial markets.
Persistently high inflation in the US has led to a 7% decrease in consumer sentiment in October, with concerns over inflation impacting personal finances and expectations for future inflation rising to 3.8%.
Inflation has remained high, with the latest figures showing a rate of 3.7%, and more rate hikes may be on the horizon as the Fed aims to bring inflation down to around 2% in the short term.
Despite a slight improvement in month-to-month price gains, inflation remains a challenge for the Federal Reserve as prices continue to rise, particularly in areas such as housing and gas, burdening families and straining budgets. The Fed's efforts to control rising costs for gas, groceries, and rent are limited, leaving policymakers searching for effective solutions.
Headline inflation is expected to have eased in September, while pay growth is slowing, with economists predicting that annual inflation fell slightly to 6.5% from 6.7% in August, although it still remains well above the Bank of England's 2% target, and the jobs market weakening and reducing the need for employers to increase wages.
Chicago Fed president Austan Goolsbee believes that the slowdown in US inflation is a trend and not just a temporary blip, cautioning against relying on a narrow set of data for monetary policy decisions.
