Main Topic: U.S. inflation and the Federal Reserve's efforts to control it.
Key Points:
1. U.S. inflation has declined for 12 straight months, but consumer prices increased 3% year-on-year in June.
2. The Federal Reserve aims to reduce inflation to about 2% and plans to raise its key federal funds rate to over 5%.
3. The Fed is concerned about high inflation due to a strong labor market, rising wages, and increased consumer spending, and aims to slow the job market to control inflation.
Main Topic: The U.S. Federal Reserve's need to raise interest rates further to bring down inflation.
Key Points:
1. Governor Michelle Bowman supports the Fed's quarter-point increase in interest rates last month due to high inflation, strong consumer spending, a rebound in the housing market, and a tight labor market.
2. Bowman expects additional rate increases to reach the Fed's 2 percent inflation target.
3. Monetary policy is not predetermined, and future decisions will be data-driven. Bowman will consider consistent evidence of inflation decline, signs of slowing consumer spending, and loosening labor market conditions.
### Summary
Wharton finance professor Jeremy Siegel believes that increased productivity will prevent a resurgence in inflation in the US.
### Facts
- 💰 Wharton finance professor Jeremy Siegel is not worried about inflation rebounding in the US, despite the signs of a resilient economy.
- 💼 GDP is expected to grow 5.8% over the third quarter, according to an estimate from the Atlanta Fed.
- 💼 Job growth and wage growth remain strong, with the US adding 187,000 payrolls and hourly earnings up 4.4% year over year in July.
- 💼 The recent improvement in statistics is attributed to a turnaround in productivity, which was poor last year.
- 💼 Siegel believes that the bounce-back in productivity will keep inflation in check and justify higher wages.
- 💼 However, other experts, like BlackRock, are more skeptical about the path of inflation.
- 💼 The Fed remains concerned about inflation and is open to more tightening measures.
- 💼 Stocks have slid as investors bet on the Fed hiking rates before the end of the year.
### Summary
The majority of economists believe that the U.S. Federal Reserve will not raise interest rates again and may even cut them by the end of March, due to positive economic indicators and low unemployment.
### Facts
- 90% of economists polled expect the Fed to keep interest rates in the 5.25-5.50% range at its September meeting.
- Roughly 80% of economists expect no further interest rate increases this year.
- The Fed's preferred measure of inflation is not expected to reach its 2% target until at least 2025.
- Confidence in the economy's ability to avoid a major downturn has led to expectations that interest rates will remain higher for a longer period, causing fluctuations in bond markets.
- 23 economists predict one more rate increase this year, while two expect two more increases to 5.75-6.00%.
- A majority of 95 economists expect rates to decrease at least once by mid-2024, but there is no agreement on the timing of the first cut.
- Nearly three-quarters of economists believe that shelter costs, a main driver of inflation, will decrease in the coming months.
- The real interest rate may be adjusted by the Fed based on inflation, which could prompt a rate reduction next year rather than a stimulus.
Source: [Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/business/futures-touch-fifers-hopes-us-fed-rate-cut-rise-boosted-2019-08-23/)
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